Repairs: Who is Responsible?

One of the most common issues surrounding landlord/tenant law is the question of repairs to the property. Every tenant has the right to a well-maintained home in a clean and safe building. At the same time, it’s important that a landlord is covered in the instance of an irresponsible tenant mishandling or abusing the property. It’s a very touchy issue, and unfortunately, there are not a lot of clear cut answers. Repairs are often treated on a circumstantial basis, and more often then not, it boils down to who’s willing to fight more: the landlord or the tenant? With that said, let’s look at the specifics to give a broader understanding.

The Residential Tenancy Act does not deal specifically with repairs and maintenance, often causing confusion on the part of both landlord as well as tenant. To find answers, you must look at public health laws; landlords do have a responsibility under public health laws to ensure that their properties are both sanitary, and safe to live in. Legally, it is the landlords job to repair and maintain a tenant’s space. Often, a lease agreement may state otherwise, but the truth of the matter is that it is the landlord’s obligation. Repairs and maintenance are generally looked at as the cost of doing business. This includes any appliances that came with the rental space, as well as the common grounds. But can it really be that black and white?

In short, no, it’s not that black and white. So, before you go and handle all the maintenance and repairs yourself as the landlord, you’ll want to be aware of a few facts. For starters, it is the tenant’s responsibility to keep the unit relatively clean and liveable, and a landlord is not responsible for a tenant’s personal belongings i.e. furniture, clothing or electronics. However, if a landlord directly caused damage to a tenant’s belongings, then yes, the landlord will be held responsible. For example, if a landlord fails to fix a plumbing problem, and a pipe bursts flooding a tenant’s space and ruining personal belongings in the process, then the landlord must pay for the repairs/replacement. Of course, this does go both ways; if a tenant directly causes damage to the property via irresponsible or destructive acts, then the landlord will be within their rights to pass the bill for repairs on to the tenant. Alternatively, the landlord may choose to charge the tenant when they are ready to move, or they may choose to keep some or all the security deposit to cover the costs.

Repairs and maintenance are often handled from a “common sense approach”. This approach would dictate that any “big” repairs are the responsibility of the landlord i.e. installing new light fixtures when the old one’s break, replacing flooring, painting the walls etc. On the other hand, “small” repairs and maintenance are generally handled by the tenant i.e. changing light bulbs, regular cleaning, replacing curtains etc. Here is a more complete list:

The landlord must ensure that:

  • the living space is safe and meets minimum housing, fire, building, and health standards;
  • the heating, wiring, and plumbing work;
  • the structure of the building is maintained including windows, doors, walls, roofs, ceilings, floors, and stairs;
  • the fridge and stove work; and
  • the common areas are clean (i.e. hallways, stairs, front foyer and parking lots).

Moving on to the tenant’s responsibilities. The tenant is typically obligated to:

  • keep the property clean;
  • inform the landlord of any needed repairs;
  • repair any damage they cause to the property; and
  • make small repairs (for example, changing light bulbs or unplugging drains).

The Residential Tenancies Act states that to enter a tenant’s unit to do repairs, the landlord must give notice to the tenant, unless the situation is deemed an emergency. Moreover, if there are repairs and maintenance that must be done, the tenant is expected to notify the landlord in writing, and arrange a time when the landlord can enter the unit to handle the repairs.

So, maintenance and repairs are generally the responsibility of the landlord, but it’s also a joint effort, and the landlord does have rights in the case of a bad tenant destroying property. With that said, the eviction process can not only be a nightmare, but take an unfair amount of time for a landlord. More reason to boost resident retention when you’ve found quality tenants. The easiest way to handle these matters, is to have a professional property management team handle your investment. Please contact CMG Toronto with any questions you have related to property management and landlord/tenant negotiations.

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Image Source: http://www.ppbec.org/better-homes-through-home-repair/